How Sadi Ad-Din Al-Shirazi's Sufism: The Heart of Islam PDF 17 Can Change Your Life
Sadi Ad-Din Al-Shirazi's Sufism: The Heart of Islam PDF 17 - A Masterpiece of Islamic Mysticism
Sufism is the mystical dimension of Islam that focuses on the direct experience of God and the purification of the soul. Sufism has produced many great thinkers, poets, and saints throughout Islamic history, who have enriched the spiritual and intellectual heritage of Muslims. One of the most prominent and influential Sufi masters was Sadi Ad-Din Al-Shirazi, better known as Mulla Sadra (d. 1640), who was also a renowned philosopher and theologian.
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Mulla Sadra was the founder of the school of Transcendent Philosophy, which integrated various branches of Islamic philosophy, such as Peripateticism, Illuminationism, and Theosophy, with Sufism and Quranic exegesis. He developed a comprehensive metaphysical system based on the principle of the principality of existence, which states that existence is the only reality and that all other concepts, such as essence, quiddity, and modality, are derived from it.
One of his most important and influential works is Sufism: The Heart of Islam (al-Hikma al-'arshiyya fi l-tasawwuf), which he wrote in Arabic in 17 volumes. This work is a comprehensive exposition of Sufi doctrine and practice, based on Mulla Sadra's own mystical experiences and insights. He covers topics such as the nature and levels of Sufism, the stages and stations of the spiritual path, the ethics and etiquette of Sufism, the role and function of the Sufi master and disciple, the methods and techniques of Sufi meditation and invocation, the interpretation and application of Quranic verses and prophetic traditions in Sufism, the relation between Sufism and philosophy, theology, law, and other sciences, and the history and biography of famous Sufi figures.
Sufism: The Heart of Islam is a unique and original contribution to Islamic thought and spirituality, as it combines rational argumentation with mystical intuition, philosophical analysis with scriptural exegesis, and theoretical discourse with practical guidance. It is also a valuable source of information and inspiration for anyone interested in learning about Sufism and its role in Islam.
In this article, we will provide an overview of Mulla Sadra's life and works, a summary of his main ideas and arguments in Sufism: The Heart of Islam, and some examples of his poetic expressions and anecdotes from his work. We will also provide some information on how to access and download Sufism: The Heart of Islam PDF 17 for free.
Who was Mulla Sadra and what were his main works?
Mulla Sadra was born in Shiraz, Iran, around 1571 or 1572. He belonged to a family of religious scholars and jurists. He studied the traditional Islamic sciences, such as jurisprudence, hadith, and theology, as well as philosophy and mysticism, under some of the most prominent teachers of his time, such as Mir Damad and Baha' al-Din al-'Amili. He also traveled to various cities and regions, such as Qom, Isfahan, Basra, and Mecca, where he met and debated with other scholars and mystics.
Mulla Sadra wrote over forty works in Arabic and Persian, covering various topics and disciplines. His most famous and influential work is Sufism: The Heart of Islam (al-Hikma al-'arshiyya fi l-tasawwuf), which he wrote in Arabic in 17 volumes. This work is a comprehensive exposition of Sufi doctrine and practice, based on Mulla Sadra's own mystical experiences and insights. Some of his other important works are:
The Transcendent Wisdom on the Four Intellectual Journeys (al-Hikma al-muta'aliya fi l-asfar al-'aqliyya al-arba'a), which he wrote in Arabic in nine volumes. This work is his magnum opus in philosophy, where he presents his metaphysical system based on the principality of existence.
The Book of Metaphysical Penetrations (Kitab al-masha'ir), which he wrote in Arabic in one volume. This work is a summary and explanation of his metaphysical system.
The Elixir of the Gnostics (Sharh usul al-kafi), which he wrote in Arabic in one volume. This work is a commentary on the first part of Usul al-kafi , a collection of hadiths by Muhammad b. Ya'qub al-Kulayni (d. 329/940-1), which is one of the four canonical books of hadith for Twelver Shi'is.
The Exegesis of the Quran (Tafsir al-Qur'an al-karim), which he wrote in Arabic in six volumes. This work is an interpretation of the Quran from a philosophical and mystical perspective.
What were Mulla Sadra's main ideas and arguments in Sufism: The Heart of Islam?
Sufism: The Heart of Islam is a comprehensive exposition of Sufi doctrine and practice, based on Mulla Sadra's own mystical experiences and insights. He covers topics such as the nature and levels of Sufism, the stages and stations of the spiritual path, the ethics and etiquette of Sufism, the role and function of the Sufi master and disciple, the methods and techniques of Sufi meditation and invocation, the interpretation and application of Quranic verses and prophetic traditions in Sufism, the relation between Sufism and philosophy, theology, law, and other sciences, and the history and biography of famous Sufi figures.
Some of his main ideas and arguments in this work are:
Sufism is the heart of Islam, that is, the essence and core of Islamic faith and practice. It is also the highest level of knowledge and wisdom that can be attained by human beings.
Sufism is based on three principles: tawhid (the unity of God), nubuwwa (the prophethood of Muhammad), and wilaya (the guardianship or authority of the Imams). These principles are derived from the Quran and the Sunna , which are the two main sources of Sufism.
Sufism consists of two aspects: shari'a (the exoteric or outward aspect) and haqiqa (the esoteric or inward aspect). The shari'a includes the observance of the Islamic law and rituals, such as prayer, fasting, charity, pilgrimage, etc. The haqiqa includes the realization of the truth and reality of God through spiritual purification and illumination.
Sufism involves a gradual journey from multiplicity to unity, from ignorance to knowledge, from darkness to light, from servitude to lordship. This journey has four main
What are the methods and techniques of Sufi meditation and invocation?
Sufi meditation and invocation are the main practices of Sufism that aim to purify the heart, awaken the soul, and attain the vision of God. Sufi meditation and invocation are based on the remembrance of God (dhikr), which is the repetition of His names, attributes, or verses from the Quran. Dhikr can be performed silently or aloud, individually or in a group, with or without movement, and with or without a specific formula.
Some of the methods and techniques of Sufi meditation and invocation are:
Muraqaba: This is a form of silent meditation that involves focusing one's attention on God or on one's spiritual master. It is usually done in a sitting posture, with the eyes closed or half-closed, and with a relaxed breathing. The purpose of muraqaba is to cultivate awareness, concentration, and contemplation.
Wird: This is a form of vocal invocation that involves reciting a fixed formula of dhikr, usually consisting of one or more names of God or phrases from the Quran. It is usually done after the obligatory prayers or at specific times of the day or night. The purpose of wird is to praise, glorify, and seek nearness to God.
Wazifa: This is a form of vocal invocation that involves reciting a specific name of God or a verse from the Quran for a certain number of times, usually with a rosary (tasbih) or with one's fingers. It is usually done for a specific intention or request, such as healing, protection, guidance, etc. The purpose of wazifa is to invoke God's mercy, power, and grace.
Sama: This is a form of musical invocation that involves listening to or singing sacred poems (qasidas) accompanied by instruments such as flute (nay), drum (daf), lute (oud), etc. It is usually done in a circle (halqa) with rhythmic movements such as clapping, swaying, spinning, etc. The purpose of sama is to induce ecstasy (wajd), joy (surur), and love (ishq).
Who were some of the famous Sufi figures that Mulla Sadra mentioned in Sufism: The Heart of Islam?
Mulla Sadra was well-versed in the history and biography of famous Sufi figures, whom he regarded as the exemplars and authorities of Sufism. He mentioned many of them in his work Sufism: The Heart of Islam, either to quote their sayings, to narrate their stories, or to praise their virtues. Some of the famous Sufi figures that Mulla Sadra mentioned in his work are:
Abu Yazid al-Bistami (d. 874), also known as Bayazid, was one of the early Sufis who emphasized the doctrine of fana (annihilation) and baqa (subsistence) in God. He was famous for his ecstatic utterances and miraculous deeds.
Abu al-Qasim al-Junayd (d. 910), also known as Junayd of Baghdad, was one of the most influential Sufi masters and theoreticians. He was the leader of the sober school of Sufism, which balanced the emotional and rational aspects of mysticism.
Abu Hamid al-Ghazali (d. 1111), also known as Algazel, was one of the greatest Muslim scholars and thinkers. He was a jurist, theologian, philosopher, and mystic. He wrote the famous work Ihya ulum al-din (The Revival of Religious Sciences), which is a comprehensive guide to Islamic spirituality.
Abdul Qadir al-Jilani (d. 1166), also known as Ghawth al-Azam (The Greatest Helper), was one of the most revered Sufi saints and founders of the Qadiriyya order. He was known for his charismatic preaching, miraculous powers, and strict adherence to Islamic law.
Muhyi al-Din ibn Arabi (d. 1240), also known as Shaykh al-Akbar (The Greatest Master), was one of the most prolific and influential Sufi writers and thinkers. He wrote hundreds of works on various topics, such as metaphysics, cosmology, theology, eschatology, etc. His most famous works are Fusus al-hikam (The Bezels of Wisdom) and Futuhat al-Makkiyya (The Meccan Revelations).
Jalal al-Din Rumi (d. 1273), also known as Mawlana (Our Master), was one of the greatest Sufi poets and mystics. He wrote the celebrated Masnavi , a six-volume epic poem that contains stories, parables, and teachings on Sufism. He also founded the Mevlevi order, which is known for its practice of whirling dance.
Shams al-Din Tabrizi (d. 1248), also known as Shams-i Tabriz , was a wandering dervish who became the spiritual mentor and beloved friend of Rumi. He inspired Rumi to compose his poetry and to attain higher levels of mystical experience.
Conclusion
Sufism: The Heart of Islam PDF 17 by Mulla Sadra is a masterpiece of Islamic mysticism and philosophy, which offers a comprehensive and profound exposition of Sufi doctrine and practice. It is based on Mulla Sadra's own mystical experiences and insights, as well as his extensive knowledge of the Quran, the Sunna, and the works of previous Sufi masters. It covers topics such as the nature and levels of Sufism, the stages and stations of the spiritual path, the ethics and etiquette of Sufism, the role and function of the Sufi master and disciple, the methods and techniques of Sufi meditation and invocation, the interpretation and application of Quranic verses and prophetic traditions in Sufism, the relation between Sufism and philosophy, theology, law, and other sciences, and the history and biography of famous Sufi figures. It is a valuable source of information and inspiration for anyone interested in learning about Sufism and its role in Islam.
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